Interculture Wiki

Recycling in Italy

Page history last edited by Svjetlana 2 yrs ago

Recycling

Nowadays recycling is becoming more and more a current subject. It is possible to distinguish different approaches people have to face trying to solve the problem of recycling: some people are really aware of how important and necessary the protection of the environment is and for this reason they try to do their best in order to defend and improve it; others don't care about the environment at all and they recycle their waste only because they have to (to avoid sanctions); others only recycle for economic reasons.

The issue of recycling is problematic and it is very important to manage the household garbage and the waste generated by the companies. This can be done mainly through contract specifications and education. New educational projects are required to learn how to reduce, reuse and recycle waste. The solution to it is self-reliant cities and countries: they have to recognize that recycling saves money, reduces pollution and creates job opportunities.

The Universal Recycling Symbol

(Photo source)

Recycling is ecologically and economically important

Recycling is one of the so-called "virtuous behavior" that people should adopt in order to reduce polluting emissions and energy consumption. Moreover, since the amount of garbage produced by growing urban areas is increasing and the free and secluded spaces for dumping grounds are quickly decreasing, a changing of behaviour towards the environment has become even more urgent and important. Therefore, there are only two choices for solving trash emergency:

1) recycling i.e. regenerating materials such as glass, metal and paper into raw or half-finished materials;

2) incineration (or "termovalorizzazione") i.e. exploiting alternative energy produced by rubbish burning.

Garbage incineration doesn't solve the problem and, indeed, it causes another one: the emission of dioxin, which pollutes the air. Only thanks to the "raccolta differenziata" (separated collection) incinerators can work properly, since it is possible to select those materials that can be burned without causing air pollution.

With reference to dumping grounds and incinerators, recycling makes many things possible, such as:

- natural disposal of biodegradable waste;

- re-using recyclable materials such as glass, metal and paper;

- separating recyclable materials from those that cannot be reused (like tetrapack for example);

- reducing processing costs.

By recycling the garbage normally disposed in landfill sites or burnt can be reprocessed and reused, thus protecting and improving the environment.

Recyclable and non-recyclable materials

what we recycle

all types and colours of glass (the most recycled material in Italy) bottles (like wine or beer bottles) or jars

different types of paper including newspapers, commercial paper, print paper, writing paper

all plastic bottles

drink and food cans

plastic, aluminium, steel

green (green garden waste such as grass cuttings, leaves etc.) and organic waste (hair, eggs, apples etc.)

old batteries and pharmaceuticals

what we don't recycle

paper cartons used for storing milk and juice

cassettes, CDs cassettes, CDs, DVDs

bricks

panels

plastic bags

polystyrene

crisps and snack packets

lids

How can recycled materials be reused?

Thanks to special processes garbage can be transformed into useful materials, such as:

glass and alluminium (e.g. bottles, jars, tins, etc.) are smashed into small pieces and melted down and remade into bottles and jars;
paper (e.g. newspaper, magazines, books, cartons, etc.) is pulped with water to make a slurry from which new sheets of paper are made, most newspapers are made with recycled paper;
organic remains (e.g. leftovers such as meat, fish, cheese, bread, fruit, vegetables, flowers, etc.) instead of sending food and garden waste to landfill sites where it goes smelly, you can turn it into compost for your garden;
plastic (e.g. plastic containers for liquids with the letters PET,PVC,PE) is handled to make pipes, pile textiles,containers;
drinks cans made of aluminium and steel, they can be both recycled;
textiles materials can be shredded and the fibres made into new fabrics.

Some Tips

People should remember to flatten bottles, instead of crumpling them up. It is a simple and useful "operation" since flattened bottles are more easily recognized by the optical recognition machines of the selection facilities.

Most of the oils used in the industrial ovens and fryers, or collected at home, are recycled and mainly used as feedstuff. Recently, the dead oil used for frying has been exploited to obtain bio-diesel, though its use is not very widespread.

People should buy products contained within small packages, or even without packages (for instance, fresh products) and reduce the use of those which are disposable. Some producers are undertaking initiatives to reduce the size of packages in their products.

Plastic materials

What is plastic?

Plastic = a real revolution in the domestic universe: synonym of modernity, practicality and consumption.

Plastic is a substance which can be softened with heat and shaped in a definite object once it becomes tough in a mold. It is made up of macroparticles called polymers, which are chains of smaller particles, called monomers.

Plastic materials are artificial substances produced by industries by using petrol, natural gas and coal. There are several types of plastic, which are very different for what concerns their purposes, shape, aspect and characteristics. Its use is so widespread because plastic is durable, light, washable, cheap and good for food conservation.

Recycling plastic

In urban garbage there are 5 million tons of plastic material and this represents the 40% of packeging.

There are many reasons why it is very important to recycle plastic:

it is possibile to obtain new bins and many useful objects for everyday living;
it can give energy as heat and eletricity;
bottles and phials of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) and PE (Polyethylene) can be reused as new textile fiber of new phials, economizing raw materials and energy;
the plastic which is not recycled and not picked up can be used for the process of "termovalorizzazione" (plastic is obtained from petrol therefore, burned at 1000° it produces energy);
with a particular treatment of selection, it can be transformed in alternative combustible, usable in cement kilns or for the production of thermoeletric energy.

Recycling generates industry

The plastic recycling industry is growing with a variety of products being manifactured.

Recycled PE, or polyethylene, "a thermoplastic commodity made by the chemical industry and heavily used in consumer products" (source: wikipedia, 2007): bags, bottles and phials for cleanser, toys, plastic wrap and other packeging.
Recycled PP, polypropylene: many uses, from furniture, to food cans, phials for cleaners, wall-to-wall carpet etc.
Recycled PVC, chloride of polivinile: tray for eggs, pipes, we can find it into windows, doors, credit cards etc.
Recycled PET, polietilentereftalato: new containers, jumpers, "pile", tape for cassettes, car interiors, bottles for water and drink.
Recycled PS, polystyrene: transformed into trays for food, plates, caps etc.

When different types of plastic are recycled all together, they become heterogeneous recycled plastic, which can be used to produce benches, enclosures, playgrounds for children etc.

Some tips

The following materials should be separeted from the rest of the garbage:

- plastic bottles;

- phials of shampoo and cleansers;

- cosmetic cases;

- bags;

- plastic wraps;

- trays.

Any sort of residuals should be eliminated.

In order to reduce the volume, plastic bottles and containers should be squash horizonatally .

In order to improve the quality of the collection, it would be better to clean the plastic containers and to throw them away without caps.

Italian policy and Taxes on recycling

In 1996, the Ministry of Environment created the National System of Information and Environmental Education in order to establish a network made up of regional and municipalagencies for information and environmental education.

In this context some national programs about waste were planned to inform people about the importance of recycling. These projects try to persuade people towards the best attitude:

- "Separateli"("Separate them!").

- "L'Italia che ricicla"("Recycling Italy").

In order to reach every single area the Regional Agencies for Environmental Protection (ARPAs) planned a lot of initiatives of information and communication at a regional level; the targets of these programs are operators and citizens in the field of urban and industrial waste.[1], [2]

Decreto Ronchi:

The Legislative Decree 5th February 1997, n.22 so-called "Decreto Ronchi" concerns waste collection, processing, recycling and disposal. It introduced a specific classification by dividing waste on the basis of its type and danger. Furthermore, it defined the bureaucratic-administrative structure by formulating the necessary documentation, as for example forms in order to classify and register waste, loading and unloading. Moreover, this Decree introduced new punishment that provides more rigorous penalties for those firms that do not fulfil their obligations.[3]

In Italy people have to pay a tax for the garbage they produce. Until a few years ago, people paid a tax called TARSU (tassa rifiuti solidi urbani), which was calculated on the basis of the square maters of the house or business. In addition, people have a new rate, which consists of a fixed part decided in relation to the essential components of the price of the service, and a flexible part which is related first of all to the quantity of the garbage picked up and then to the extent of the operating costs.

The local government decides the rate of reference in relation to the budget for the interventions relating to the service. It is imposed and collected by the manager subjects.

The TIA is divided into bands of domestic and non-domestic users. Besides this division, there is another one concerning the characteristics of the different areas of the territory of the town and in particular concerning the frequency and the quality of the service which is provided. This rate varies, if a town is densely or sparsely populated. [4]

Regional law of Veneto, 21st January 2000, n. 3

This is a specific law concerning the management of waste in Veneto, in accordance with the Government decree issued under parliamentary delegation on 5th February 1997, n. 22, which had been established to apply the guidelines 91/156/CEE, 61/689/CEE and 94/62/CE.

The aim of this law is to create a waste management system which promotes:

reduction of wastes and dangerous waste;
separate collection;
selection and recovery of waste;
commercialization of the products obtained by recycling;
waste management self-sufficiency of towns;
information to inhabitants.

Its goals are the following:

encourage cooperation between towns;
reduce wastes quantity;
encourage recovery and reuse of wastes;
diminish the number of waste dumps;
promote regional self-sufficiency;
separate collection;
separate competences between regions, provinces and municipalties.

To allocate waste handling to different subject means to converge the effort towards the same goal, making the problem less complex and achieving the purpose of making inhabitants sensitive to environmental questions. In this way organization becomes more efficient.

This law also sets up the ARPAV, Osservatorio regionale sui rifiuti.

This official organ aims to:

Organize information and data concerning waste management (production, transport, separate collection).
Collaborate with regional councils in order to create a "regional data bank".

This law also gives guidelines for cooperation, stressing the economic sanctions every town or district are obliged to pay in case of violation of the law.

Moreover, it provides for the existence of a regional Fund addressed to both private and public subjects.

In addition to the general purposes of the law, the Fund pursues also some aims related to clean water, safeguard of hazard areas and creation of an information system concerning environment accessible to everybody.

Recycling in Italy

In Italy, 516 kilograms of garbage per capita are produced every year. In 2005, Italy occupied the tenth position within the European Union, where the average production of garbage was 527 kilograms per inhabitant per year. It may seem that Italy has fewer problems compared with other European countries, but it has to face several serious difficulties concerning the disposal of garbage: 66% of the garbage ends up in garbage dumps, only 19.2 % of it is recycled, the rest is burned in incinerators. Moreover,the amount of garbage increases with every year.

The northern part of Italy produces more garbage (13.6 millions tons) than the south and the centre. However, in the north more people separate their garbage than in the south and centre. Veneto is the region with the highest percentage of recycling (49,9%), followed by Lombardia (41%) and Trentino Alto Adige (39,9%). Sardinia and Sicily occupy the last place in the ranking list; only 5,7% of their garbage are recycled. The region that produces the greatest amount of garbage is Lombardy followed by Latium and Campania, while Valle d’Aosta produces the smallest amount of trash. Nevertheless, Tuscany and Emilia Romagna are the regions with the highest percentage of garbage per capita. These numbers and ranking lists show that there is still a lot to do and that recycling should be a topic of primary importance in our everyday life.

Thanks to these programs, in 2001-2002 in Italy there was a great growth in the field of recycling and the overall volumes recycled increased by around 3%.

The situation in Veneto

Even though each town can adopt different ways of recycling, some common characteristics within the Veneto area can be highlighted:

citizenship is the main responsible for recycling: the different materials must be divided and thrown into their proper containers;
the refuse collection is carried out by public or private companies, which collaborate with citizens, rather than being the only responsible for the whole process;
the refuse collection is carried out by public or private companies, which collaborate with citizens, rather than being the only responsible for the whole process.

All the "rifiuti non differenziati" have to be thrown into big garbage bins which are placed in parking places. There it is also possible to find paper recycling bins, glass and plastic “bells”, and possibly bins for compostable waste. Most of all the collecting of garbage is managed by private companies.

Batteries, prescription drugs, toner and anything else that is toxic should be brought to your nearest “garbage center”. In some supermarkets or pharmacies it is possible to find proper bins.

Venice

In Venice and its surroundings, waste is divided in different containers which can be found along the streets. These containers are placed by VESTA in cooperation with the Municipal Police. VESTA (Venezia Servizi Territoriali Ambientali) is the company, founded by the municipalty of Venice, working for local public services. The area managed by VESTA is very big and includes Venice and its surroundings: Cavallino-Treporti, Marcon, Meolo and Quarto D'Altino.

The material that contains too high a percentages of impurity (for example, too much plastic) is rejected by the selection facilities and must be disposed by VESTA. This is the reason why the differentiated garbage collection is so important, otherwise waste materials have to be thrown away all together.

Batteries supplying power to engines, as well as dead oils, can be delivered free to the “ecocentri” (eco centers) in Mestre (via Porto Cavergnago) and Lido (via Malamocco). Neon and low consumption lamps containing gas must be carried to these “ecocentri”, which are run by VESTA (Venezia Servizi Territoriali Ambientali). It is also possible to deliver for free one’s dead leaded batteries at the time of the purchase of a new battery at the following sale points of the Grande Distribuzione (large-scale retail trade), in the municipal district of Venice.

These selling points have an arrangement with COBAT, i.e. the Consorzio which guarantees the collection and proper recycling of dead leaded batteries.

The second-hand clothes collected by the CARITAS are screened: those which are in good conditions are distributed to the poors, whereas those which are in bad conditions are used as stuffing. There are also shops which sell second-hand clothes for children.

Furthermore, in the historic centre of Venice the proposal to distribute "draught" detergents is under discussion. [5]

Marcon

In Marcon (a little town nearby Venice) the recycling of materials is carried out thanks to the collaboration of VESTA and Manutencoop. The garbage collection is taken away three times a week, from 5 A.M. till 12 A.M.

What people recycle in Marcon:

organicorganic materials such as food waste, skins of vegetables and fruits, grounds;

paper;

glass, plastic and cans;

old batteries (nearby the retailers) and old pharmaceuticals.

We can also recycle green garden waste but for this kind of collection there are not specific containers. The consumers leave the materials for recycling at the front of their property. Then the responsibles of VESTA for this service will take the garbage away (on Monday morning in the country seat, on Tuesday morning in the outskirts of Marcon).

Vicenza

In Vicenza people recycle mainly in two ways:

collecting the daily refuse in different bags according to the type of garbage and then replace these bags in rubbish skips in the streets
taking useless and cumbersome old objects (i.e. televisions, washing-machines, tables, furniture, etc) to particular areas in which they can be recycled.

In Vicenza a public company called AIM VICENZA spa has been working for this city’s wastes since 1981, carrying out about 70000 tons of garbage per year. Mainly the activities of this company consist in:

carrying out with specific vans once every day the garbage of the citizens which should have already been divided properly into the different containers of paper, glass, plastic and organic waste;

taking this garbage in specific areas (see further on);

cleaning the streets;

picking up green waste from streets and parks.

All this garbage is then taken:

either to the purifying installation ‘CITTA’ DI VICENZA’ located in a nearby town called Casale,

or in another area called ‘MONTE CROCETTA’ located in the city.

In the first area is taken any kind of liquid waste (e.g. the water used to clean the streets, the water used by privates, etc.) and here it is purified. In the second area is taken any kind of solid waste which is then divided by special machines in order to allow recycling.

Taxes for recycling

Every single inhabitant of Vicenza pays taxes for recycling. However, according to Isabella's personal experience, many people do not contribute to this process either because they do not believe it is useful or because they are lazy and do not want to ‘waste’ time dividing their garbage in different containers. Some other people do not divide their garbage in order to recycle it because they have not been given enough information about this topic and do not even know how to do it, for example this happens to very old people.

To overcome this problem, the AIM VICENZA spa is organizing public conferences and meetings, especially in schools, in order to educate the citizens of Vicenza and inform them about the importance of recycling together with the main rules they must follow to contribute to this process.[6]

Verona

In the South part of Verone there is a specific Consorzio which embraces almost 30 towns. Its main aim concerns the differentiated refuse collection. The importance of what it does lies in the medium it choses to achieve its purpose: an original ecological calendar.

Every year the Consorzio delivers to all of the inhabitants of every single town a calendar, indicating how to organize their collection and the timetables concerning the exact days when a private company is going to collect the different types of refuses they can leave directly in front of their doors. Furthermore, precious information on the importance of recycling are added in order to make people sensitive to it and granting their collaboration. In this way every citizen becomes aware of the role he plays in the community protected by the Consorzio and tries to do his/her best to separate rubbish in the correct way. The results of this procedure are more and more positive: in 2006 the differentiated refuse collection has overcome 5% of the global rubbish quantity.

The main categories of rubbish listed in this calendar are:

secco non riciclabile (non recyclable);
umido organico;
plastic and cans paper and carton;
verde;
ingombranti;
batteries;
products labelled with a P or a F (solvents, detergents, insulating material, flammable material).

The Consorzio organizes a competition with prizes for children which has a new topic every year. This year they’ll have to draw a fictitious boy whose purpose is that of protecting the environment. This initiative stresses the importance of appealing to children if we want to develop new and healthy ways of life.

In order to give an idea of the actions undertaken by Verone concerning recycling and new energy sources, you can quote the goals that the majority of open forums have in common:

reduce the use of packaging (ex. use of reusable packaging)
educate and make people sensitive about the costs and problems related to rubbish
promote responsible behaviours
keep in contact with experts who can explain and justify the policies adopted
promote collaboration between operators, schools and families
projects related to schools (ex. teaching students how to build a crèche or something different related to the period of the year with recycled material)
web site www.ecologiascuola.it in which teachers and students can talk about their experiences with recycling
workshops in which frequent discussions are possible
increase in the use of energy coming from F.E.R. (fonti energetiche rinnovabili/renewable sources of energy)
alternative techniques of building with clean and recyclable materials [7]

Povegliano V.

Povegliano V.se is one of the member of C.I.S.I. (Consorzio Intercomunale Servizi Integrati) which is responsible of the source separated collection in the southern municipalities of Verona. Since 1995 it has been improving the separated collection in the territories of its members. Nowadays C.I.S.I. has reached the number of 30 members: Angiari, Bovolone, Casaleone, Castagnaro, Concamarise, Erbè, Gazzo Veronese, Isola della Scala, Isola Rizza, Mozzecane, Nogara, Nogarole Rocca, Oppeano, Palù, POVEGLIANO V.SE, Ronco all'Adige, Roverchiara, S.P. di Morubio, Salizzole, Sanguinetto, Sona, Sorgà, Trevenzuolo, Terrazzo, Vigasio, Villafranca di Verona, Zevio, Consorzio Sviluppo Basso V.se and Consorzio Acquedotto Medio Veronese Orientale. C.I.S.I. has introduced a system where some garbage is picked up from door to door on certain days while other recyclable material has to be taken to the so called isola ecologica (tips).[8

In POVEGLIANO V.SE, they come to pick secco non reciclabile, organic, plastics and paper with cartons; while one has to take garden material, ingombranti (cumbersome objects), medicines, batteries to the tip. The village is split into two zones, the yellow zone and the blue zone, that have different timetables for the separated collection from door to door. As regard as cans and glass there are some campane di vetro (bottle banks) located in certain strategic points of the village.

SECCO NON RECICLABILE: lighters, pens, clothes-hook, nylon stockings, cosmetics, baby's napkins and sanitary towels, sponges, etc...

ORGANIC: kitchen scraps, such as fruit peel, meat, bread, vegetables, etc...

GARDEN MATERIAL: leaves, grass, cut-off branches, etc...

PLASTICS: plastic water bottles, plastic bottles of detergent, plastic shopping bags, etc...

PAPER: paper packaging, diaries, calendars, newspapers, magazines, books, note-books, napkins, etc...

GLASS & CAN

IRON: bicycles, coffe machines, pots, cages, etc...

T/F e PERICOLOSI: aerosol bombs, solvent, stain-remover, insecticide, etc...

MEDICINES & BATTERIES: cameras, disinfectant, ointment, ampoule, etc...

INGOMBRANTI: sofas, armchairs, roling shutters, etc...

WOOD: furniture, door and window frames without glass, etc...

Each family has to pay a tax to the municipality and then the recycling is carried out by a private company that the municipality itself has let out on contract.

Recycled materials are re-used in different ways: kitchen scraps, for example, make good compost and all kinds of glass containers can be recycled and re-used a huge number of times. People should try to reduce the number of paper and plastic bags they use by carrying reusable tote bags to do shopping. Moreover, people should try to reduce their use of paper towels, paper plates and napkin and try to use reusable towels and plates and cloth napkin, rather then paper throwaways for everyday use.

Padova

Recycling in Padua is divided in three zones, ideally divided by colours: in the orange zone (quartiere 1 center), garbage is collected door by door and has to be put in bags that are to be closed very well; these are to be put in front of one’s house only from 6:30 to 8:00 o’clock. In the second zone, the green zone, (another zone of quartiere 1 center) there are some bins of different colours (each for a different type of waste) in some parking areas. In the third zone (quartiere 1 center, 2 North 3East, 4 South-East, 5 South-West, 6 West), the yellow one, there are couples of big bins along the streets.

Waste coming from gardens are to be divided from other garbage and are get away by a special service that has to be called every time thanks to a dedicated telephone number. A lorry runs for the streets every day to colect dangerous waste such as chemicals, colours for walls, car batteries. Normal batteries are to be put in bins that are present in some shops, while medicines are to be brought in pharmacies. Collection of garbage and its recycling is organized by Aps (Azienda Padova Servizi)[9]

Cadoneghe (PD)

Cadoneghe, (a small town near Padua) in June 2006 started the division of waste. The aim was to make its recycling easier. In 17 park areas all around the town, there are some “isole di racccolta”, where some bins of different colours (each for different types of waste) were put to collect the garbage. Every “isola” serves more or less 300 houses and citizens can bring their garbage there thanks to a special key that serves to open the coloured bins (one for paper, two for plastics and one for glass) and a family card that serves to use the press for special garbage (and to calculate taxes for every family). Some others bins for kitchen waste are present in the whole territory of the town. Together with those areas for the collection, there is a central “ecocenter” for special waste such as old televisions, car batteries, old furniture and so on. Some special lorries equipped with “Kinshofer” hooks periodically swap full bins with empty ones.

Collection and recycling of garbage is organized by a private company called Etra S.p.a [10]

The case of Naples: a really shocking example

In 2004 some schools of Naples closed for one day since the garbage hadn't been collected for two weeks and was festering in huge piles in the streets.Children stayed home and residents were forced to wear masks to block the stench. The cause was a simple: nowhere left to put it in and Naples pluged into garbage.

Naples magistrates had closed seven of the fourteen garbage landfills, because these plants were failing to meet the enviromental, hygiene and safety standards in European_Community; and as result the dustmen's trucks were turned back,piles of garbage began to appear in the streets of Naples. Not only the streets of Naples were filled with piles of rotting garbage, but the crisis broke up also in Capri and Anacapri. According to the citizens' opinion this trash crisis has been seized upon by camorra ( the local Mafia), who has indentified a lucrative bussiness opportunity. Angry and tired of the situation the citizens set fires to the montains of rotting refuse litter which was contaminating the picturesque cobbled streets and even the beautiful piazza.

Many newspaper wrote about "ECOMAFIA". This word describes illegal acts made to traffic garbage, which as result causes a danger to the community and a catastrophic impact to the environment. It seemed that this Camorra organizations established illegal landfills in abandoned places.

In 2004 the Italian Parliament approved the finding of a commission to study the activities of the Camorra groups, which is still profitting from unauthorized waste management.

Alfredo Mazza, an Italian researcher of Italy's National Research Council, recently wrote a report in which underlined the increase in cancer deaths in these areas. The reason for this sort of affirmation is that trash disposal is one of the Camorra's most lucrative businesses and the organisation has created hundreds of illegal dumps and the action of burning garbage in fields generates potentially hazardous emissions.

Southern Italy has a poor record referring to recycling waste: Environment Minister Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio recently issued figures showing that Naples and the surrounding region only recycles 7.7% of its garbage compared to 38% in Northern cities.

To be well informed

Recycling Portal

Although recycling affects people's lives and has strong repercussions on the environment, most of them don't care about the present situation.

Perhaps the reason of unresponsable behaviours towards the environmet lies in the lack of information. If on one hand, people don't care simply because they take no interest in the matter, on the other they are not well informed on the situation. They should indeed, be better informed about about the environment, perhaps by receiving updated newsdealing with recycling and alternative energy sources such as: air, soil, biogas, water treatment, etc.

Further information on EU- Recycing [11]and Recycling Portal [12]

Legambiente

Legambiente is the biggest environmental association in Italy. The head office is in Rome but it has branches all over the country. In its website it is possible to find detailed pieces of information not only about the association, but, most importantly, about all the initiatives and campaigns which are taking place or will take place in the future.

April 2007: Rapporto Ambiente Italia

Rapporto Ambiente Italia (the annual report on the italian environmental situation) offers every citizen a complete view of the italian environmental condition. The analysis gives everyone a much better understanding of the situation because it also considers social, economic and political elements within the environmental field.

References

Legge regionale del Veneto, 21 Gennaio 2000, n. 3. Nuove norme in materia di gestione di rifiuti. Retrieved March 9th, 2007 from http://www.extra.anci.it/admin/normativa/rad3DCEDtmp.doc

AIM VICENZA spa. Retrieved March 14th, 2007, from http://www.aimvicenza.it/

CONAI - Consorzio Nazionale Imballaggi (National Packaging Consortium). A winning model for environmental protection. Retrieved March 8th, 2007, from http://www.conai.org/

SEP - Waste Technology (2007). From waste to energy. Retrieved March 8th, 2007, from http://www.seponline.it/

ARPAV - Agenzia Regionale per la Prevenzione e Protezione Ambientale del Veneto. Retrieved March 8th, 2007, from http://www.arpa.veneto.it

VESPA - Venezia Servizi Territoriali Ambientali. Retrieved March 8th, 2007, from http://www.vestaspa.net/

CISI - Consorzio Intercomunale Servizi Integrati. Retrieved March 8th, 2007, from http://www.cisi.vr.it/

Provincia di Verona. Retrieved March 4, 2007, from http://www.provincia.verona.it/newweb/Area-servi/Settore-Ec/Agenda-21/I-Risultat/Obiettivi-e-azioni-Bassa-Veronese.doc_cvt.htm

Associazione di tutela del consumatore, Come riciclare rifiuti. Retrieved March 12th, 2007, from www.sosconsumatori.it/riciclare_rifiuti.htm

Links

Comments (15)

Annalisa! You stole my edit lock :-( so I've lost all my changes :-( I had also made a Link section but nothing is on the wiki page anymore :-(
Alice

I'm very sorry..Alice! but my computer doesn't work from home..so I can use it only in the Lab..I'll never do it again..I didn't think about the fact that your changes could get lost.Sorry.Annalisa

Dear Alice, are you sure they're lost? Did you check the history page?
If they are, we need to come up with some wikiquette. For example, I can try and take away the steal lock function, or we could say something like "if you want to steal a lock, first Skype the person audio or chat." What do you guys think? It's worth discussing to avoid this happening again.
Live and learn!

Hi there! I checked the history but nothing is still there :-( When the edit lock was stolen the page started to blink and it didn't give me the chance to save what I had written :-( It happens... We know... life is hard!!! The only problem is that I'm in Rome at the moment and I cannot leave a great bit on the wiki because I'm not using my laptop :-( I'm very sorry ... Alice

Dear Sarah,
I wrote something about a very interesting website I found, dealing with recycling. I read the rules for our wiki pages and didn't find anything about the possibility of writing in the first person. Is it ok if I write "I found...etc."? Do I have to write in an impersonal way?
If you let me know, I can correct my contribution in order for it to be more professional!
Thank you!
M. Chiara

Dear Alice and Maria Chiara, I think the answer to both of you is that we need to work on our wiki rules as a group tomorrow. We need to decide what to do about the lock (I can always block the steal lock) and what to do about first person (I liked Edutech's approach). It's our project, not mine, so we need to come to a decision together as a group. Keep up the good work, you're doing a great job!

Sarah

Hi Sarah! I made some changes at the recycling in Italy page and only after saving the changes I realized that I logged in as Giorga Nardin. Susanne

No problem Susanne. Thanks for telling me.
Sarah

Hello everyone. Sorry it took me so long but between work and technological problems... Anyway, I decided to correct the file off-line and have attached a .pdf file with my indications for correction. Please read my comments carefully and if you have any questions use the comment function or the forum.
My general comments are:
I think you’ve got a lot of good information in this page and I like the little tidbits with the lightbulbs. One general comment I would like to make, besides the points highlighted in red, regards organization. As most of you will remember from your papers, one of your weak points is organization and structure. You’ve made progress on this page since the first version but improvements can still be made. I would like those of you who have decided to work on this page to also work on the structure. Remember, you can use the comment function or the forum to discuss it.
We need to work on referencing. If you use a direct quote, put the name of the author or webpage and the year of publication in parentheses and the complete reference in the references section. If you summarize information put a note (for example, [1]) and make it a link to the references section.

I appreciate that each person has added information on their own personal town, but to make the page more readable it might make sense to summarize what all the towns have in common (many things) and call it Recycling in Veneto, and then only specify differences where there are some. For example, it might be interesting for foreigners that within the same province though there are similarities there can also be significant difference. In other words, within a 30 km radius, municipalities make completely different decisions, which means recycling is not regulated on a national or even provincial level.

Sarah

Hi Maria Chiara!
I had a look at Legambiente website and I found it very interesting! In particular I thought that Rapporto Ambiente Italia will be very useful for our wiki so I’ve just mentioned it in the paragraph. In April we’ll be able to get more precise statistical data regarding the present environmental situation in Italy which will enrich for sure our wiki page. Alice

I put the .pdf file with corrections on the Front Page since I'm not able to edit this page from home (who knows why! - patience, patience you need with technology).

Sarah

Hi Svjetlana, I have just finished to make some (a lot!) of corrections our wiki page. I have tried to make the page more uniform. But I have some problems with the titles. Perhaps you can change them. I have also uniformed structure and layout, put some external links and added references. What do you think about the paragraph: “a really shocking examples”, where do you think it’d be better to place it? I have also changed and summarized the content of some paragraphs.
See you soon!
Bye Francesca

Hi Francesca.
These are my changes, and hopefully improvements!!!:-)
Well, I decided to look at Wikipedia and follow its structure. Therefore, I used more classic coloures. I hope you don't mind that! I also deleate some images, that, in my opinion were quite childish, and put the International Recycling Symbol at the beginning. Then I organized differently paragraphs and the table of context. Finally, I put some links to public organizations, as A.I.M. or CARITAS. I hope you like my changes. If you have other suggestions, just contact me.
By, by. See you on Monday!

Hi Svjetlana, I think we have done a very good work!!
I agree with your changes, the structure looks nice and it was a good idea to take away some pictures. As regards language mistakes, yesterday I corrected some grammar mistakes and changed a few paragraphs. Maybe it'd be better if we both have a last spell and grammar chek.
Have a nice weekend,
see you on Monday
Bye Francesca